Differential Diagnosis > Other > Specific Patients > Ophthalmology Patient

Ophthalmology Patient

angioid streaks: rupture in Bruch’s membrane secondary to elastic fiber defect (characteristic of PXE)

Argyll-Robertson pupil: (mnemonic = like a prostitute: accommodates but does not react) i.e. light (-), accommodation (+)  

Bruch’s membrane: AKA lamina basalis choroideae – the transparent, nearly structureless inner layer of the choroid in contact with the pigmented layer of the retina

chalazion: AKA meibomian cyst; i.e. a swollen sebaceous gland in the eyelid (a subtype of "hordeolum"); caused by chronic inflammation following blockage of the glands’ ducts

CHRPE: congenital hypertrophy of retinal pigment epithelium; clinically the best marker for Gardner syndrome

ectopia lentis: homocystinuria – downward dislocation; Marfan syndrome – upward dislocation (mnemonic: arched palate and lens both move up in Marfan’s, you pee down in homocystinuria)

glistening dots: atypical retinal pigment degeneration pattern seen in Sjogren-Larsson syndrome

Kayser-Fleischer ring: yellow-brown copper deposition in Descemet’s membrane of the cornea

Lester iris: hyperpigmentation of pupillary margin of iris; finding in nail-patella syndrome

Lisch nodules: = melanocytic iris hamartomas; dome-shaped gray to brown papules; asymptomatic and increase in number with age; >90% of patients by age 6 in NF1 (100% by age 20)

meibomian glands: sebaceous glands of the eyelid (AKA tarsal glands)

Moll’s glands: apocrine glands of the eyelid

posterior subcapsular cataracts: juvenile PSC in NF II; systemic glucocorticoid use (usually bilateral and not associated with altered visual acuity)

Roth spots: conjuctival petechiae seen in subacute bacterial endocarditis

stye (hordeolum): a suppurative inflammation of a gland of the eye (more general than a "chalazion")