|
phthirus pubis
| • | “crabs”; axillary, pubic, eyelash hair |
pediculosis humanis corporis
| • | vector for three diseases – epidemic typhus, trench fever, relapsing fever |
| • | transmits through defecation |
pediculosis humanis capitis
| • | intense pruritis of the scalp; often only the nits are seen |
| • | all lice live by sucking blood from the human host every 3 to 6 hours |
| • | obligate parasites of humans, (head lice can survive away from host for ~ 3 days) |
| • | nits – hatch 8 to 10 days |
Treatment:
| • | permethrin 1% (Nix) apply to dry scalp for 5 to 10 minutes; then rinse off; repeat 1 week |
| • | malathion 0.5% (Ovide) apply to dry scalp 8 to 12 hours; rinse off; repeat in 1 week |
| • | resistant cases: Rx permethrin 5% cream (Elimite) (overnight, under shower cap) |
| • | Eurax works well for resistant pubic lice |
| • | pediculosis pubis (especially when on eyelashes) - petrolatum ointment 2 to 4X / day for 8 to 10 days |
instructions for topical treatment:
| • | apply after shampooing without conditioner; to thoroughly dry hair |
| • | do not shampoo again for 24 hours |
| • | re-treatment in a week is necessary, since no treatment is ovicidal |
| • | nit removal (combing with a nit comb) should be meticulous in the week between treatments |
| • | resistant cases: ivermectin 250 µg/kg single dose |
| • | children: <15kg = don’t use ivermectin; 15-24kg = 3mg tab X1; 25-35kg = 6mg tab X1; >35kg = adult dose |
|