By Disease Name > Juvenile Xanthogranuloma

Juvenile Xanthogranuloma

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•benign self-limiting disease of infants and children
•both cutaneous and visceral lesions disappear spontaneously within 3-6 years
•two clinical forms:

 

papular form:

•numerous lesions;  2-5mm
•most common extracutaneous manifestation: ocular involvement
•iris;  usually unilateral; may lead to hyphema or glaucoma
•eye exam if <2 years old with multiple JXG’s
•hyphema from a JXG on the eye (mistaken for retinoblastoma)
•ddx (papular form):
•benign cephalic histiocytosis – located only on head and neck;  infiltrate lacks multinucleated giant cells and foamy cells
•generalized eruptive histiocytosis – lipidation of the cells never occurs
•self healing reticulohistiocytosis – the cutaneous lesions persist for only the first few months of life
•tuberous xanthoma – appears only in hyperlipidemic state
•nodular forms of histiocytosis X – differentiated by histologic, immunocytochemical, and ultrastructural characteristics

 

 

nodular form:

•“classic ddx”:  solitary mastocytoma, Spitz nevus, JXG

 

histology:

•foamy cells and Touton giant cells
•CD1a and S100 negative