| • | appear 20 or more years after chronic arsenic ingestion |  
 | • | most common on palms and soles |  
   
Fowler’s solution (potassium arsenite solution): 
| • | pentavalent, inorganic arsenic |  
 | • | also increased risk of bladder cancer |  
   
changes in pigmentation: 
| • | small, round, white macules on a hyperpigmented background  |  
 | • | “rain drops on a dusty road” |  
  
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